Ford Model T
In 1896, Henry Ford began manufacturing motor cars in Dearborn, Michigan. With backing from Thomas H. Murphy, in 1901, he founded the Detroit Automobile Company, but this was closed three years later. The Henry Ford Company was established in 1901, but Ford resigned within a matter of months and the company was reorganized as the Cadillac Automobile Company the following year. By 1903, Ford had established the Ford Motor Company, his first product being the Model A. The Model C was launched in 1904, and in the same year Ford established a plant in Canada. Other models followed, but real success did not come until the development of the Model T, or " Tin Lizzie" in October 1907. By 1909, the vehicle was in volume production and, although the scuttle and wings were redesigned in 1916, it continued virtually unchanged for the next 20 years.
The Model T was a simple, reliable vehicle, designed for the mass production techniques that Ford pioneered. It was powered by a four-cylinder 2,901cc monobloc engine with a detachable cylinder head. Drive to the rear wheels was by a two-speed epicyclic transmission; some Model T trucks had a two-speed rear axle. Suspension was by transverse semi-elliptical leaf springs. The main brake was described as an " engine brake", and there was also a separate " emergency brake".
During World War I, the Model T was one of the vehicles standardized by the US Army in the "light" class. The first truck, using a long-wheelbase chassis designated Model TT, was launched in 1917. Although Ford himself was a pacifist, he was also an astute business man and he was happy to supply the US Army in the "light" class. The first truck, using a long-wheelbase chassis designated Model TT, was launched in 1917. Although Ford himself was a pacifist, he was also an astute business man and he was happy to supply the US Army with more than 12,000 of these vehicles, some 7,000 of which were shipped overseas. There was no civilian production of the Model Ts between 1917 and 1918.
Total US and Canadian production of the Model T amounted to more than 15 million vehicles by the time production ended in 1928. From 1911, the vehicle was also assembled at Ford's Trafford Park factory near Manchester, where some 250,000 were built.
The Model T was widely used by the US and British armies during Wold War I as a staff car, ambulance, van and cargo truck, even as an artillery tractor, for which application the truck was fitted with twinned rear tyers. Many remained in service into the 1930s.
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